Cystitis- This is a pathology, characterized by the development of an inflammatory process that affects the walls of the bladder is the result of the impact of bacterial microorganisms.
Statistical cystitis- One of the most common urinary diseases. Women tend to be more about the appearance of this inflammatory condition, due to their morphological characteristics.
The bacterial agents entering the bladder cavity can be in three ways:
The road increases gradually- Through the urethra (urethra). The main role in the penetration version of microorganisms is anatomical characteristics and morphology of women's urinary tract: a short and wide urethra, closely distributed to the anus and vagina.
Go down- From the kidney. This option is developed as a process of nephritis, for example, chronic pyelonephritis.
Blood path- The rarest option is established when cystitis occurs immediately after infectious diseases, or when another source of pus infection in the female body is detected. There is also probability of bacteria in the bladder due to the presence of anatomical anatomy (connection) between the lymphas of the genital and bladder organs, suffering from the above inflammatory change.
The most common pathogen of the bladder inflammatory process is E. coli (in 4 out of 5 cases, related to the anatomical and morphological characteristics mentioned above and the presence of this microbiological system in the intestine).
Less common, cystitis is associated with Staphylococcal, Streptococcal and Enterococcal microorganisms. Gram -negative stick causes cystitis due to intervention and surgery.
Recently, the rate of cystitis related to microorganisms, the simplest and the virus has increased.
Only the introduction of infectious microorganisms is not enough for the development of a completely inflammatory reaction in the bladder, because the body contains anti -resistance mechanisms on the effects of pathogens.
Cystic development factorsTherefore, in addition to the original factors, factors such as ::
Hemorrhagic dysfunction(blood circulation) of pelvic organs and especially bladder;
The excretory dysfunction of the bladder(Urine stagnation);
The inhibition of different immune links of the body(Lack of vitamins, exposure to low temperatures, stress, increase fatigue, etc. );
Passional effects of biochemical agentsand exchange products released in urine to the structure of the wall of the bladder;
contact with X -rays;
Not completed with hygieneExternal genitals and random sex;
Disease of the gastrointestinal tract, with the presence of the microflora accumulating and increasing its activity, then going into the urinary tract;
The regular change of hormonal metabolismThis leads to the lack of melody of the urethra and creating the best conditions for infection.
The first symptoms of cystitis in womenAcute cystitis clinic in women is characterized by a sudden start and a clear symptomWith:
The appearance of frequent urination (Pollakiuria)characterized by the frequency at least once every 60 minutes and the small volume of the urine is released; With the development of regular impulses, patients cannot control and maintain urine;
Demonstrate difficult to read (violate urination)Accompanied by pain in the hypotension area (in the lower abdomen). With the development of the level of inflammation in the bladder wall, these symptoms progress: the more it is developed, the more urinating and the stronger pain;
Itching in the urinary tractarising in urination. Developed due to contact with mucous membranes of urinary tract products of metabolism of microorganisms causing cystitis;
The appearance of blood dropsAt the end of the sub -law;
The appearance of cloud urine, due to the penetration of a large number of blood cells (leukocytes and red blood cells), microbiological systems, cells of the surface epithelium of the wall inside the bladder;
Such patients are not characterized by a change in general condition.The patient temperature indicators are characterized by normal or slightly increased (low). Scientists linked this to the fact that the mucous membrane of the bladder actually does not suck the metabolic products of microorganisms, which has penetrated the blood, often leading to body poisoning and the development of the typical symptoms of inflammation.
The connection of sudden symptoms and lower body temperature of the woman's body has appeared. Acute inflammation can sometimes be observed for 2-3 days and disappear independently without using therapy.
However, the most often this process takes more than 6 days, sometimes up to 15 days. The presence of a disease in the next day, obeying the appointment of therapy, requires appointment of additional testing methods to identify simultaneous diseases of the body.
Characteristic of pain with cystitis in womenIn patients with acute cystitis, a different severity of pain syndrome is observed:
During the light of the inflammatory process, the patient felt insignificant about the severity or abdominal pain.Sensitive pain at the end of the battalion law accompanied by a moderate Pollaki. With the further development of the inflammatory process, the intensity of pain increases. After that, this syndrome comes with the beginning or all actions. The pain becomes unrelated to the action and is almost unchanged in the wild, it comes with a very painful touch to the bladder's projection.
In the situation of severe growing cystitis, the patient must urinate at least 2-3 times per hour, accompanied by significant pain syndrome and the appearance of blood discharge from the urethra at the end of ACT. The pain worsens the quality of the patient's life, because they do not disappear throughout all days.
The presence of blood and blood cells in urine with cystitis (blood syndrome)When an inflammatory process develops in the walls of the bladder, it affects the near -fabric fabric areas of the ureter and the urethra. The tissue becomes loose and bleeding.
This is manifested by the appearance of micro and macro (or blood) in the urine, often observed at the end of the law of urination (the last bloody urine).
One of the most serious forms of acute cystitis is bleeding. This type of inflammation occurs with a significant penetration of red blood cells (red blood cells) from the blood of nourished arteries into the bladder cavity.
This option is possible in the case of increased permeability of blood vessels (anemia, vitamin deficiency, disorders in the activity of the blood system) or damage the walls on bacterial cells (usually streptococcal plants). Red blood cells have fallen into the urine of the bubble cavity in the blood.
When hemorrhage occurs, the doctor is obliged to carefully conduct the diagnosis of distinctive diagnosis between acute cystitis and acute bladder form complex - hemorrhagic cystitis. For this, the additional testing methods are specified, the type of lesions are clarified and the most accurate treatment diagram is selected.
Characteristics of acute and chronic cystitis in womenSharp cystitisSummary of the above information, one can distinguish the sharp onset of the disease and the presence of a certain symptom complex for acute cystitis:
urinate often in small parts,
Pain syndrome has different nature,
Itching is related to urination,
The appearance of blood drops at the end of action,
The unchanged situation of a woman.
With proper and timely diagnosis, pathological condition is cured within 6-10 days. In the absence of improvement after the 15th day of the disease, it is worth the thought of chronizing inflammatory changes.
In addition to hemorrhage, there are two more complicated acute cystitis:
Gangrenous.Gangrenous form is rarely found and occurs due to weakened blood supply or bladder conservation. Clinically, cystitis is manifested by difficulty urinating, accompanied by pain, high body temperature, pain in the Sacral area. This process is extremely dangerous for the development of formidable complications, such as peritonitis and requires rapid implementation of treatment measures.
Phlegmonous.The form of Phlegmonous is manifested by a significant poisoning of the body, high body temperature and accompanied by release of a small amount of urine (oliguria). Urine, with such a complicated current, has the smell of Putref active, mud properties, fibrin -formed scales, and blood combination.
The time of pathological processes in case of developing complex forms increases significantly.
There is another form of cystitis - interstitial.It is characterized by the inflammation of all urine bubbles. The clinic was dominated by urinating quickly, reaching 180 times a day, positive complaints about intense pain in the hypotension area when filling the bladder and its regression after urinating. The capabilities of the bubble decrease significantly, due to the above symptoms.
Chronic cystitisChronic cystitis, in contrast to acute, rarely occurs as a main disease and in most cases is a secondary complication of the current pathological process of bladder, kidney, urethra.
With this fact, it is necessary to carefully check the body about the presence of the above pathological changes, as well as eliminate or confirm the specific origin of microorganisms - tuberculosis, invasive trichomonas.
Clinically, chronic cystitis is manifested by a continuous process with a moderate difference in clinical complaints and clinical analysis of urine, or in the form of recurrent pathology with serious stages (similar to acute cystic clinic) and completely regression (no any manifestation of pathological process).
Therefore, the objective manifestations of chronic cystitis corresponding to this in the acute process. They are correlated with the common protective properties of the body, the cause of a bacterial agent that causes an infectious process and the severity of inflammation. Pain, frequent urination, itching, the presence of blood and clouds is less pronounced with the process of constant and corresponding to the acute process with the recurrence of chronic cystitis.
Due to the damage of the inflammatory reaction of the mucosa, the edema of all layers of the urinary wall and the increase in intracranial pressure have created all the conditions to form the recovery to inhibit blisters, ie liquid cast from the bladder back into the Naiteter (waste connection and bubble).
Dr. -Rrist is participating in the verification of diagnosis and the purpose of treating cystitis.
To accurately diagnose inflammatory disease, it is necessary to clearly overcome the patient's complaints and her history (before the development of the pathology).
Clinical manifestations are quite specific and may immediately indicate the presence of this disease, however, carefully need to diagnose the distinct diagnosis between all types of cystitis, as well as other diseases of the bladder and the diseases of the abdominal organs.
From Anamnesis, data on stresses and effects of low temperatures, drugs used, as well as other lesions are located in pelvic organs and genital systems, will be helpful.
After clarifying clinical complaints and analysis of clinical urine (generally), it will be possible to help verify the diagnosis - the increase in the increase of white leukocytes and red blood cells will be detected in it (leukocytes and red blood cells, corresponding).
To identify bacterial microorganisms that cause inflammation, urine is sowing in a special nutritional environment, which can be used in the future to choose the most effective antibacterial drugs.
Before urine fence to check bacteria, it is necessary to treat the area's qualitative external genitals with disinfectant solution. Conducting bladder endoscopy with the presence of acute inflammatory reaction is contraindicated.
To diagnose chronic cystitis, along with the collection of complaints and data about Anamnesis, the bladder endoscopy helps in the process of improvement. This will establish all the essential characteristics of an inflammatory disease. With this operation, it is possible to get biopsy-mucus material bubbles. In addition, to identify chronic cystitis, a X -Ray study should be used with contrast.
